What Is a Digital Product Passport?

A Digital Product Passport is a structured digital record that travels with a product throughout its lifecycle. It contains information about a product’s origin, materials, manufacturing processes, repairability, and end-of-life recycling instructions. The EU introduced the DPP framework under the Ecodesign for Sustainable Products Regulation (ESPR), adopted in 2024, with the goal of driving circular economy practices and giving consumers transparent access to sustainability data.

The regulation targets specific product categories in phases. Batteries were first, with requirements already taking shape. Textiles and electronics follow closely, with broader rollouts expected through 2027 and beyond. By the end of the decade, most products sold within the EU market will need a DPP.

Why RFID Is the Natural Fit

While QR codes and other optical identifiers have their place, RFID offers distinct advantages that make it the preferred carrier technology for DPP data links.

UHF RFID, particularly RAIN RFID based on the ISO 18000-63 standard, enables bulk reading of tagged items without line-of-sight. A warehouse receiving hundreds of palletised goods can verify DPP compliance in seconds rather than scanning individual codes one at a time. For manufacturers dealing with high-volume production lines, this speed is not optional. It is essential.

NFC, operating at 13.56 MHz under ISO 14443 and ISO 15693, adds a consumer-facing layer. Shoppers can tap an NFC-enabled product with their smartphone to instantly access the DPP record, viewing details about where a garment was made, what chemicals were used, or how to recycle the packaging. This tap-to-read simplicity closes the gap between regulation and real-world usability.

Dual-frequency inlays combining UHF and NFC on a single tag are gaining traction for exactly this reason. They serve the supply chain’s need for speed and the consumer’s need for convenience in one integrated solution.

What Manufacturers Need to Prepare

Compliance with the DPP regulation is not a switch that flips overnight. Manufacturers should begin preparing now across several fronts.

First, data infrastructure needs attention. A DPP requires accurate, structured data about every product. Companies that lack robust product lifecycle management (PLM) systems will need to invest in capturing and organising this information.

Second, tagging strategy matters. Selecting the right RFID inlay, whether UHF, NFC, or dual-frequency, depends on the product type, packaging constraints, and where in the supply chain the tag will be read. Embedding RFID into garment labels differs significantly from tagging battery modules or electronic components.

Third, serialisation is critical. Each product needs a unique identifier linked to its DPP record. GS1 standards, including the SGTIN and GIAI schemes, provide the framework for this, and many RAIN RFID deployments already support GS1 EPC encoding natively.

A Practical Compliance Roadmap

For companies looking to get ahead of the curve, a phased approach makes sense.

In 2025 and 2026, focus on auditing existing product data and identifying gaps. Engage with your RFID tag suppliers and solution providers to evaluate tagging options. Run pilot programmes on a single product line to test data capture, tag performance, and system integration.

Through 2027, scale tagging across priority product categories. Integrate DPP data flows with existing ERP and supply chain management platforms. Ensure your serialisation processes align with GS1 standards.

From 2028 onward, expand to full product coverage as regulatory deadlines arrive for additional categories. Monitor evolving EU guidance and adjust your approach as standards mature.

The DPP regulation is not just a compliance burden. It is an opportunity to build trust with consumers, improve supply chain visibility, and future-proof operations. RFID technology, proven across billions of tagged items worldwide, provides the foundation to make it work at scale.

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What Does RFID Middleware Actually Do?

At its core, RFID middleware sits between your reader infrastructure and your enterprise applications. It handles four key functions that would otherwise turn your RFID project into an unmanageable mess.

Device Management

A typical warehouse or retail environment might have dozens, sometimes hundreds, of RFID readers and antennas spread across multiple locations. Middleware provides a single control plane for all of them. It handles reader configuration, monitors device health, manages firmware updates, and ensures each reader is operating with the correct power levels and read intervals. Without it, your IT team would need to configure and monitor every reader individually, which simply does not scale.

Data Filtering

Here is the problem nobody warns you about: RFID readers are noisy. A single UHF reader can generate thousands of tag reads per second, and most of those reads are duplicates. The same pallet tag might be read 300 times in a minute as it sits on a dock door. Middleware filters out that noise. It deduplicates reads, smooths out data, and ensures that only meaningful, unique events pass through to your business systems. Without filtering, your ERP would choke on a firehose of redundant data.

Event Processing

Raw tag reads on their own are just EPC numbers with timestamps. They carry no business meaning. Middleware transforms those reads into actionable events. A sequence of reads at a dock door antenna becomes a “shipment received” event. A tag disappearing from a shelf reader triggers a “stock movement” alert. This event processing layer is what turns radio signals into business intelligence.

Business Rules

This is where middleware really earns its keep. It applies logic to the events it processes. If a tagged item moves from the warehouse zone to the shipping zone without a corresponding dispatch order, the middleware can flag an exception. If a temperature sensor tag on a pharmaceutical shipment reports an out-of-range value, the middleware can trigger an alert before the product reaches the shelf. These rules run in the middleware layer so that your ERP only receives clean, validated, business-relevant data.

Why Middleware Gets Overlooked

The answer is straightforward. Middleware is invisible. It does not have a physical presence on the warehouse floor. It does not have a flashy user interface for executives to demo. Vendors selling readers and tags rarely emphasise the middleware requirement because it adds cost and complexity to their sales pitch.

The result? Organisations invest heavily in readers and tags, then try to pipe raw data directly into SAP, Oracle, or whatever system they are running. They quickly discover that their ERP was never designed to handle millions of unfiltered RFID reads, and the project stalls.

Getting It Right

If you are planning an RFID deployment, budget for middleware from day one. Evaluate solutions from vendors like Impinj ItemSense, Zebra FX Connect, or open-source platforms like Fosstrak. Look for support across your reader hardware, robust filtering capabilities, and clean APIs for integration with your existing systems.

The readers and tags get all the attention, but middleware is the layer that makes RFID actually work in production. Skip it, and you will spend more time fighting data problems than solving business ones.

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RAIN Alliance, the non-profit industry body supporting the adoption of standards-based UHF RFID (also known as RAIN RFID), says the masterclass will tackle the technical challenges of embedding RAIN tags into tyres before moving into wider discussions around optimised lifecycle management in both manufacturing and active operations.

“We are excited to bring together participants from across the tyres value chain to explore real-world use cases and implementation strategies for RAIN tags in tyres,” said Aileen Ryan, President and CEO of RAIN Alliance. “Professionals across the entire tyre industry are welcome, as we explore how RAIN technology can create significant value and drive improved innovation, compliance and sustainability outcomes.”

The global tyre sector is under growing pressure to strengthen traceability in order to meet evolving regulatory demands and support the shift towards circular economy models. RAIN RFID is positioned as a foundational technology for enabling traceability throughout the full lifecycle of a tyre, from initial manufacturing and distribution through to use, retreading and end-of-life recycling.

Attendees at the masterclass will learn how RAIN RFID can be used to identify, locate, authenticate and engage with individual tyres while accessing core composition and origin data. The event will also look at how digital twin data is delivering real-time insights that power advanced business analytics, unlock new service-based revenue streams and create value across the tyre ecosystem.

Day two of the programme shifts focus to the practical benefits of tyre traceability for ecosystem partners, with dedicated sessions covering fleet management, safety and compliance, tyre service accuracy and efficiency, retreading and optimisation, end-of-life traceability and recycling, data access and interoperability, and hands-on guidance for embedding RAIN tags at industrial scale.

“As the tyres ecosystem continues to develop, RAIN Alliance will continue to provide both its members and the wider community with vendor-neutral expert insight to help develop the next generation of tyre technology,” Ryan added.

The masterclass is collocated with the GDSO Founding Workshop on 21 May, which will explore commercial use cases and active pilots for tyre electronic identification in North America. A further Tyres Masterclass is planned for later in the year in Korea.

Read more at https://therainalliance.org/tyres-mc-in-person/

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The PSS division sits within Honeywell’s Industrial Automation business and reported revenues of approximately $1.1 billion for 2025. It serves warehouse, logistics and manufacturing customers, markets where RFID reader technology plays a central role in inventory management, asset tracking and supply chain visibility. The inclusion of RFID readers in the sale means that Brady Corporation will inherit a well-established hardware offering in the automatic identification and data capture (AIDC) space.

Brady Corporation, listed on the NYSE under the ticker BRC, is an international manufacturer of high-performance labels, signs, safety devices and printing systems. The company already has a strong presence in industrial identification, so the addition of Honeywell’s data capture and RFID reader portfolio is a logical extension of its existing capabilities. Brady has described the acquisition as an opportunity to build a more integrated, end-to-end productivity and safety platform for industrial and logistics customers.

For the RFID sector, the deal raises questions about continuity of product development and support for existing Honeywell RFID reader customers. Brady’s leadership in identification solutions could, however, provide a strategic home that values and invests in the technology. The combination of Brady’s labelling and identification expertise with Honeywell’s RFID reader hardware may ultimately create a more cohesive offering for end users who need both the tag and the reader infrastructure in a single supply relationship.

Honeywell framed the divestiture as part of a broader multi-year portfolio transformation. The company is also preparing to spin off its Aerospace business, expected to complete in the third quarter of 2026, and continues to assess strategic alternatives for its Warehouse and Workflow Solutions business, which operates under the Intelligrated and Transnorm brand names. The sale of PSS follows earlier divestitures including the offload of Honeywell’s Personal Protective Equipment business in 2024 and the spin-off of its Advanced Materials division as Solstice Advanced Materials in October 2025.

Vimal Kapur, Chairman and CEO of Honeywell, said the PSS divestiture brings the company close to completing its portfolio transformation as it prepares to separate its Aerospace and Automation businesses into two independent publicly listed companies. He added that PSS would benefit from Brady’s complementary expertise in industrial identification and safety, creating a broader offering for warehouse, logistics and manufacturing customers.

The transaction remains subject to regulatory approvals and standard closing conditions. Centerview Partners is acting as financial advisor to Honeywell, with Kirkland and Ellis LLP, Baker McKenzie and Womble Bond Dickinson providing legal counsel.

Read more at https://www.honeywell.com/us/en/press/2026/04/honeywell-to-sell-productivity-solutions-and-services-business-to-brady-corporation

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The collaboration will see VF roll out the Nedap Inventory Engine across its entire brand portfolio, building a unified foundation for real-time stock accuracy and omnichannel retail performance. Deployment begins in Q2 2026 with The North Face, before expanding to additional VF brands over the coming months.

At the heart of the initiative is VF’s ambition to create a single, trusted view of inventory across all its operations. By leveraging Nedap’s RFID-powered platform, the company aims to improve product availability on the shop floor, strengthen omnichannel fulfilment capabilities and deliver a more consistent consumer experience across every touchpoint.

The scope of the programme extends well beyond the store estate. VF has also expanded its RFID initiative into distribution centres and vendor partners at source, giving the company greater transparency across the full supply chain. This broader visibility supports efforts to combat grey-market activity and reinforce brand protection across all regions.

“Our consumers expect the same level of product availability and service whether they shop online, in-store or through any of our brand touchpoints,” said Carsten Trenz, VP of Digital at VF Corporation. “Unified visibility across our operations allows us to deliver that consistency and build long-term customer loyalty.”

Hope Waldron, VP of Supply Chain Strategy at VF Corporation, added: “Extending our RFID programme beyond stores to include distribution centres and vendor partners at the source gives us greater transparency across our entire supply chain. That visibility improves our ability to ensure product availability, strengthen brand protection, and deliver a more consistent consumer experience.”

The decision to partner with Nedap came after VF completed a pilot using an alternative solution and subsequently reassessed its long-term requirements for scalability, architecture and global support. The company ultimately chose Nedap for its proven ability to deliver at scale across complex, multi-brand retail environments.

“In today’s retail landscape, unified commerce only works when brands can rely on one consistent source of truth for their inventory,” said Hilbert Dijkstra, Managing Director Retail at Nedap. “VF’s decision to invest in end-to-end visibility reflects a clear vision for the future: the ability to serve consumers seamlessly across any channel.”

Nedap’s Inventory Engine connects item movement across stores, distribution centres and factories, creating a single reliable view of inventory for the entire retail chain. The platform turns inventory movement into real-time insight, helping retailers operate with greater confidence, agility and precision.

With more than 1,500 stores set to benefit from the rollout, the VF-Nedap partnership represents one of the largest RFID inventory visibility deployments in the fashion and outdoor retail sector this year.

Read more at https://www.nedap-retail.com/vf-corporation-enters-partnership-with-nedap-to-unlock-end-to-end-inventory-visibility-across-its-global-store-estate%ef%bf%bc/

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Map Out the Full Cost Picture

The biggest mistake in RFID budgeting is focusing solely on tag prices. Tags are just one line item. A complete cost model should cover five categories:

Tags and consumables. Unit costs vary widely. A passive UHF inlay for retail might sit below five pence, while a ruggedised on-metal tag for asset tracking could reach several pounds. Multiply by expected volume and factor in attrition rates for tags that get damaged or lost.

Readers and antennas. Fixed readers at dock doors, handheld readers for cycle counts, overhead readers for conveyor lines. Include mounting hardware, cabling, and any edge-computing devices needed at the read point.

Middleware and software. This is the layer that filters, deduplicates, and routes tag data into your existing systems. Some organisations use commercial RFID middleware platforms; others build lightweight connectors directly into their ERP or WMS. Either way, licence fees, hosting, and ongoing support belong in the model.

Integration. Connecting RFID event data to warehouse management, ERP, or point-of-sale systems is often the most underestimated cost. Budget for API development, data mapping, user acceptance testing, and a parallel-run period where old and new processes overlap.

Training and change management. Staff need to understand new workflows, how to handle exceptions when a tag fails to read, and how to interpret dashboard data. A rushed training phase leads to workarounds that erode ROI.

Quantify the Benefits

Hard savings are the easiest to defend. Calculate current labour hours spent on manual counts, barcode scanning, or searching for misplaced assets, then estimate the reduction RFID will deliver. In retail, inventory accuracy improvements from around 65 percent to above 95 percent are well documented and translate directly into fewer stockouts and markdowns.

Soft benefits matter too, but label them honestly. Faster receiving, improved compliance audit times, and better customer experience all have value. Assign conservative estimates and flag them as secondary gains rather than primary justification.

Calculate the Payback Period

A simple payback model works for most initial business cases. Divide total project cost by annual net benefit to find the number of years until the investment breaks even. Many RFID projects in logistics and retail achieve payback within 12 to 18 months. For asset tracking in healthcare or manufacturing, the timeline may stretch to two years but often comes with regulatory or safety benefits that carry weight beyond pure financials.

For larger deployments, consider a discounted cash flow approach that accounts for phased rollouts and scaling costs. A pilot phase covering one facility or product line keeps upfront risk low while generating real data to refine the model before full-scale commitment.

Present It as a Template

Structure your business case document with an executive summary, a cost breakdown table, a benefits summary with assumptions clearly stated, a payback timeline, and a risk register. Keep the language plain and the numbers auditable. Decision-makers trust a model they can stress-test over one that looks polished but hides its assumptions.

Building a business case for RFID is not about proving the technology works. That debate is long settled. It is about proving it works for your operation, at your scale, with your constraints. Get the cost categories right, quantify benefits conservatively, and let the numbers make the argument.

The post How to Build a Business Case for RFID first appeared on RFID News.

One System to Replace the Patchwork

For many organisations, RFID workflows have long been a fragmented affair. Separate tools for tagging, printing, tracking and reporting create inefficiencies, introduce manual data entry errors, and leave gaps in asset visibility. Peacocks RFID Software is designed to address all of that directly, consolidating every step of the process into a single, integrated platform.

From initial field capture through to enterprise-level reporting, the software acts as a central hub for RFID operations. Rather than relying on a collection of disconnected tools, businesses now have a unified system that supports the full asset lifecycle.

Mobile App Built for the Field

The mobile application is designed specifically for Android devices and rugged mobile computers, making it well suited to demanding operational environments. Staff can scan and register assets, print and encode RFID tags, and carry out inspections or stocktake directly at the point of activity. There is no need to record notes manually and return to a desktop later. Tasks are completed in real time, in the field, which reduces the risk of transcription errors and frees up staff for higher-value work.

Offline functionality with automatic synchronisation ensures operations continue uninterrupted even without a live network connection, a critical feature for warehouses, remote sites, and industrial environments where connectivity can be unreliable.

Web Portal for Oversight and Governance

Alongside the mobile app, the companion web portal provides administrators and managers with the visibility and control needed to manage assets at scale. Features include location management, bulk data import, GPS-tagged scanning events, user administration, role-based access controls, and detailed reporting tools.

Together, the two components deliver operational agility in the field while maintaining full enterprise-wide governance. Audit trails, transaction logging, geolocation capture, and centralised cloud management round out the platform’s security and compliance capabilities.

Designed to Scale with Business Needs

George Pecchiar, Executive Director at Peacock Bros., explained the thinking behind the product: “Our new RFID Track and Trace Software was designed to replace the patchwork of tools and manual processes businesses have been relying on. By combining a mobile app for instant field capture with a web portal for oversight and reporting, it provides one connected system where assets can be registered, tracked and managed in real time. That means greater accuracy, visibility and efficiency than barcoding or disconnected solutions can offer.”

The platform is built to integrate with existing enterprise systems and supports standard login protocols, making adoption straightforward for IT teams. Automated check-in and check-out, real-time data processing, and intuitive dashboards help teams make faster, better-informed decisions without adding complexity to daily workflows.

Peacock Bros. has positioned the software as a flexible, future-ready solution that can be tailored to a wide range of industry use cases, from retail inventory management and healthcare asset tracking to logistics and field services. For businesses looking to move beyond barcoding or fragmented RFID setups, it represents a practical and scalable next step.

Organisations interested in learning more can contact Peacock Bros. directly at enquiries@peacocks.com.au.

Read more at https://www.peacocks.com.au/news/peacock-bros-launches-unified-rfid-software-to-transform-asset-management

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The programme uses passive UHF RAIN RFID tags applied directly to packages, paired with reader infrastructure installed across sorting hubs. Each tagged parcel triggers a read the moment it passes through a scan point, without the need for a worker to line up a barcode. That change eliminates one of the most stubborn bottlenecks in large scale parcel handling and removes a common source of missed scans that lead to delays and misroutes.

For UPS customers, the benefits show up in the details. Packages are logged automatically at induction, during sortation, at loading, and again when they leave a facility. Every one of those touch points feeds real time data back to tracking systems, so shippers and recipients see movement updates reflected more quickly and more accurately than before. The extra resolution helps retailers manage returns, reduces the volume of customer service queries, and gives operations teams earlier warning when something is off.

RAIN RFID is well suited to the job. The passive UHF tags are low cost, battery free, and can be read in bulk at high speed, which is a fit for an environment moving millions of packages through hubs each day. Readers can capture dozens of items simultaneously, a step change from one at a time barcode scanning. Because the tags do not need line of sight, packages can be oriented in any direction and still get picked up.

The data layer is where UPS expects the real transformation to show. Each scan creates a verifiable event that is tied to an individual parcel, which builds a complete chain of custody for every shipment. That kind of granular record supports better exception handling, smarter network planning, and more accurate service commitments, particularly for time sensitive freight. It also positions UPS to offer more advanced analytics products to enterprise shippers who increasingly want raw data they can plug into their own supply chain platforms.

Industry observers see the move as a meaningful signal for RFID more broadly. While retailers like Walmart have driven much of the recent RAIN RFID adoption through inventory mandates, the UPS programme extends the technology into the transit and logistics layer, where the operational gains compound with every handoff. The deployment demonstrates that RFID is no longer a pilot technology in logistics but an infrastructure investment with returns measured in reliability and throughput.

UPS has framed the rollout as part of a broader push to raise service standards across its network, and the early indications suggest the investment is paying off. With package volumes growing and customer expectations rising, the visibility delivered by RFID gives UPS a tangible advantage in an extremely competitive market, and sets a reference point that other carriers will find hard to ignore.

Read more at https://about.ups.com/mx/en/newsroom/press-releases/customer-first/ups-s-rfid-sensingtechnologytransformslogisticsindustry-givingcu.html

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The project brings together SAF-HOLLAND SE, a major trailer axle manufacturer, alongside Tageos, identytag GmbH and Winckel GmbH. Together they have embedded NFC technology directly into the hub caps of trailer axles, creating a durable link between physical components and their digital records.

At the heart of the solution is the Tageos EOS-920 NTAG213 inlay, a compact 20mm NFC tag with 144 bytes of user memory. The chip sits inside a specially designed label that is fixed to each axle hub cap, where it can survive the rough conditions of road transport and still deliver reliable reads when scanned.

Workshop technicians interact with the tags through SH-Connect, a dedicated app that opens up a full suite of services the moment a tag is scanned. From one interface, mechanics can order spare parts, pull up technical documentation, find the nearest authorised workshop and access training materials. The result is a faster, cleaner workflow that keeps trailers moving rather than stuck waiting for paperwork.

Before this rollout, technicians were often forced to hunt for QR codes tucked away in awkward spots beneath vehicles or inside inspection pits. Dirt, grease and damaged labels turned what should be a routine check into a time sink, and misreads led to ordering errors and avoidable downtime. NFC sidesteps these issues entirely because it does not rely on line of sight or a clean surface.

Felix Passia, Head of Sales at identytag, said the partnership “embodies the power of the RFID ecosystem” and creates “systems that don’t just track corporate assets: they generate valuable product information and intelligence.” His comment captures a broader shift in the industry, where tagged components are becoming active sources of operational data rather than passive identifiers.

The benefits stack up quickly. Fleet operators get unambiguous identification of every axle, immediate access to up to date product information, faster service turnarounds and lower spare parts errors. Because the tags can be retrofitted to existing axles and scanned with standard smartphones, there is no need for specialised readers or expensive new hardware. The move to NFC also cuts down on printed documentation, delivering a modest but welcome environmental win.

For Tageos, headquartered in Montpellier, France, the project reinforces its position in industrial NFC applications where durability and data density matter. For SAF-HOLLAND, it offers a clear differentiator in a competitive market and a practical answer to customer demand for smarter, connected components.

As trailers become more connected, expect the humble hub cap to keep doing more than its share of the work. NFC at the point of service is a small change with a surprisingly large ripple effect across the logistics chain.

Read more at https://www.tageos.com/en/why-tageos/news/news-details/smart-axles-revolutionize-trailer-maintenance.html

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At the heart of UHF RFID adoption is the GS1 EPC Gen2 standard, also known as ISO 18000-63. This protocol defines how UHF tags and readers communicate, ensuring interoperability between hardware from different manufacturers. The standard supports features like dense reader mode, which allows multiple readers to operate in close proximity without interference, and tag memory banks that can store unique product identifiers alongside user-defined data.

Compared to other RFID frequency bands, UHF stands apart in several key areas. Low Frequency (LF) RFID, operating at 125 to 134 kHz, provides read ranges of only a few centimetres and is typically used for animal identification and access control. High Frequency (HF) RFID at 13.56 MHz extends that range to about one metre and powers applications like contactless payments and library systems. UHF pushes well beyond both, offering read distances that make it ideal for warehouse management, retail inventory, and supply chain logistics where items need to be scanned quickly at a distance.

In retail, UHF RFID has transformed inventory management. Major retailers use it to achieve inventory accuracy rates above 95%, enabling real-time stock visibility from warehouse to shop floor. Tags attached to individual items can be read in bulk, allowing staff to count thousands of products in minutes rather than hours. This same capability drives adoption in logistics, where pallets and cases tagged with UHF inlays pass through dock door portals at speed, automating receiving and shipping processes.

The power profile of UHF RFID also deserves attention. UHF tags are passive, meaning they harvest energy from the reader’s radio signal to power their response. This keeps tag costs low, often just a few pence per unit at volume, and eliminates the need for batteries. Readers, however, must transmit at higher power levels than their LF and HF counterparts. Typical UHF reader output sits between 1 and 2 watts EIRP, depending on regional regulations, which accounts for the extended read range.

Regional frequency allocations do vary. In Europe, UHF RFID operates within 865.6 to 867.6 MHz under ETSI regulations, while the US permits a wider band from 902 to 928 MHz. These differences mean that global deployments require tags and readers designed to work across the full 860 to 960 MHz spectrum, something that modern hardware handles comfortably.

With the continued growth of RAIN RFID, the industry alliance promoting UHF technology, and billions of tags shipped annually, UHF RFID has firmly established itself as the dominant frequency for large-scale identification and tracking. Its combination of range, speed, cost efficiency, and standards compliance makes it the natural choice for organisations looking to digitise their physical operations.

The post What is UHF RFID and Why Does It Dominate Modern Deployments? first appeared on RFID News.